WINTER STORMS AND EXTREME COLD

Extreme cold weather can be deadly if you are not prepared.  Many people think that they can simply stay inside and “weather the storm” but fail to prepare for power outages, fuel shortages, etc.  Even those that live in inherently cold areas often rely far too much on their local infrastructure.  There are many circumstances under which these infrastructures can be crippled or fail completely.  There are specific actions and preparations that should be taken before and during an extended winter storm or if you live in a cold climate.

1.     Expect and prepare for the following:

o    Isolation: It is possible that snow and/or ice will prevent you from leaving your area or from others reaching you.

o    Power Outage:  Electric power can be interrupted for many reasons in cold conditions.  Heavy snow and ice often cause powerlines to be broken and the severe conditions make repairs less timely.  Power outages can last for days. 

1.    Make sure that your emergency generator is fueled and ready.

2.     Make sure your alternative heat source is ready and working.

3.     Have an emergency light source ready.

o    Increased Fuel Consumption: Colder weather will increase the consumption rate of heating fuels and you can expect that deliveries will not be made.

o   An interruption in your water supply:  Even one frozen or burst pipe in your home or within the supply system may cause you to lose your water service without warning.  Additionally, if you have a water well, electricity is required to pump your water to your house and a power outage will stop your water supply.  Be sure that you have an ample supply of fresh water stored in sealed containers. 

2.     Consider your heat source.  Bear in mind that unless you have a very large generator, most electric heat sources will not be functional during a power outage.  

3.     Lock your doors and windows to create a better seal.  Use towels or blankets at the base of doors if necessary, to keep out the cold.

4.     Run your water often to prevent freezing (hot and cold).  You may to fill some water containers in case your water does freeze. Don’t leave eater faucets dribbling.  In many buildings this can cause drains to freeze.

5.     In the event of uncharacteristically cold weather or extended cold weather, it may be necessary to take emergency steps to increase the efficiency or decrease the size of your heated area.  Conserving heating fuel in an uncertain time could also be very important.  If you are having a hard time staying warm or you are not sure that your fuel supply will last long enough; you should use plastic sheeting and tape list cover all of your window openings, so be sure to store adequate supplies.  Do this from the inside and make sure to leave a dead air space between the window and the plastic.  If it becomes necessary, use the extra sheeting to seal off unnecessary spaces and heat only the smaller space.  In an extreme emergency, use expandable, spray foam insulation to seal up cold air leaks.  It is messy, but very effective.  It may also be necessary to tape small pieces of plastic over electrical outlets that are located on exterior walls.

6.     Be extremely fire conscious. Most home fires are caused from heating sources.  Have a fire extinguisher handy.

7.     Do not use gas ranges or open flames for heat.  Be aware of carbon monoxide poisoning.

8.     Be sure that all of your emergency supplies that are subject to freezing are stored within the heated envelope. 

9.     Be sure to have adequate blankets, sleeping bags and cold weather clothing on hand for all members of your group.

10.  To stay warm, dress in layers.  If you become too warm, remove layers as needed.  Avoid overexertion and sweating,  especially if you are forced to go outdoors.  This will cause a rapid cool down and could lead to hypothermia.

11.    Bring pets inside.

12.    Be aware of the effects of “wind chill.”  If there is any wind at all, it will amplify the effects of the cold.  Depending on the wind speed, this can dramatically increase the risk of hypothermia.

Don’t Travel unless you have to.  If you must travel:

1.     Take your emergency evacuation supplies, bugout bags etc.

2.     Be sure that you have plenty of fuel.  If you are stuck in the snow, you will need to run your engine to stay warm.

3.     Be sure that your emergency automotive supplies are in your vehicle. Don’t forget a snow shovel and tire chains.

4.     Bring coats, gloves, snow pants, boots and hats in case you are stranded or forced to leave your vehicle.

5.     Bring blankets and sleeping bags.

6.    Drive slow and carefully.  Don’t take chances.